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Marşi, 16 Octombrie 2007

 

Theodora    Siteul nostru este unul dedicat tuturor iubitorilor de istorie si spiritualitate bizantina. Vom continua sa folosim termenul impropriu de "Bizant" si derivatele acestuia, deoarece sunt prea incetatenite in vorbirea curenta pentru a putea face abstractie de ele. Totusi de dragul adevarului istoric trebuie subliniat faptul ca numele oficial al statului din sud-estul Europei, cunoscut drept "imperiul bizantin" a fost totdeauna "Basileia ton Romaion" sau "Romania", adica imparatia romanilor, tara romanilor. Nici nu putea fi altfel.

    Pentru omul de rand imperiul roman s-a prabusit in anul 476. Este o parere falsa si e greu de stabilit de ce continua sa fie cultivata aceasta idee. In 476 a incetat sa mai existe imparat in partea occidentala a imperiului, singurul imparat legitim ramanand cel de la Constantinopol. Ar putea parea o situatie confuza pentru zilele noastre, dar inca din vremea Republicii Romane, statul roman mai fusese carmuit de mai multi sefi de stat simultan (vezi triumviratele,tetrarhia,"impartirile" intre 2 sau mai multi imparati).

Apropiatii lui Odoacru, cel ce a pus capat Impeiului de Apus, i-au sugerat sa ia pentru sine titlul imperial, mercenarul german a obiectat spunand ca "ajunge un imparat" si a trimis insemnele imperiale basileului legitim de la Constantinopol. Acesta il va recompensa pe Odoacru (ca si pe alti conducatori germanici) cu titlul de magister militum per Italia" intergrandu-l astfel in ierarhia romana. Desigur timpul si inevitabilele evolutii sociale, politice, demografice etc. si-au pus amprenta asupra evolutiei statului roman in Evul Mediu. Mai ales dupa pierderea teritoriilor romanizate din Balcani in favoarea slavilor,grupul etnic dominant in imperiu a devenit cel grecesc, dar asta nu are nici o relevanta. Locuitorii imperiului a continuat sa se numeasca romaioi(adica romani) si la fel erau numiti de o buna parte din vecinii lor. Nu putem nega continuitatea statului roman pe motiv ca a evoluat si s-a adaptat schimbarilor timpului.Nu putem nega aceasta continuitate pe motiv ca romanii in antichitate foloseau catapulta iar in sec XV aveau tunuri, de exemplu. Ar insemna sa negam pe acest criteriu continuitatea oricarui stat sau popor si sa sustinem ca odata cu o noua descoperire tehnica sau cu o noua organizare sociala apare si un nou stat. 

In concluzie am putea afirma ca Imperiul Roman si-a incetat existenta in 1453 sub asediul turcilor. In aceasta lunga perioada, de la sfarsitul antichitatii pana in anul 1453 in acest stat au luat nastere o ideologie si un model politic si cultural altoite pe trupul crestinismului-ortodox ceea ce a facut din acest imperiu un model spre atingerea caruia s-au straduit mai toate statele ortodoxe, incepand cu primul Tarat Bulgar si terminad cu Rusia tarista, cel putin pana acum, nu avem nici un motiv care sa ne impiedice sa presupunem ca acest proces de atingere a modelului bizantin nu va continua.

In orice caz discutia e mult prea complicata pentru a putea fi epuizata in cateva randuri. Acest site nu are pretentia de a dezbate toate problemele legate de bizantinism si ortodoxie ci se doreste a fi un portal venit in ajutorul tuturor celor pasionati de aceste subiecte.

 

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